Certification required
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Egypt · reef · intermediate
A roadless stretch of Sinai reef inside a 1992 protectorate, reached from the Blue Hole by speedboat or on a camel that carries your tanks.
Ras Abu Galum is the headland and reef north of Dahab's Blue Hole, inside the Abu Galum Protectorate. Operators put it about 15 km north of Dahab and around 8 km north of the Blue Hole; our pin sits roughly 5 km up the coast from the Blue Hole entries. There is no road. You get there by speedboat from the Blue Hole dock in about 20 minutes, by camel in an hour and a quarter to an hour and a half with the animals carrying the tanks and gear, or on foot along the shoreline in 50 to 60 minutes. That logistics problem, not the diving, is what defines this site.
This pin is the umbrella entry for the stretch rather than a single reef. Dive centres name around six separate sites along it, including Haggar, Khoramat, Abu Galum itself and the Blue Lagoon further north, and pick between them on the day depending on conditions and how long the trip is. Our own catalogue splits several of them out as their own pins: Coral Forest, Ras Abu Galum North and South, and Red Tooth Trigger Bay all sit within a kilometre of this one. What they share is a hard coral plateau in the shallows, coral gardens toward the north, and rock formations and large pinnacles further out that act as cleaning stations. Circle Divers gives the working range as 0 to 30 m and rates the diving intermediate.
The pinnacles are the reason to make the trip. Sea Dancer and Circle Divers both describe them as cleaning stations, with turtles, eagle rays and barracuda coming in off the open sea to use them; OBIS occurrence records for this pin do include spotted eagle ray. Those OBIS records are thin here compared with the reefs inside Dahab town, which reflects how few surveyors get out this far rather than a poor reef: the same list still carries emperor angelfish, royal angelfish, coronation trout, Picasso triggerfish, several parrotfishes and Spanish dancer.
Most centres run it as a day trip with two dives and a lunch cooked in the Bedouin village, and Liquid Adventures includes nitrox. The overnight version is four or five dives with a night dive and a bed in a Bedouin hut. Because both the Blue Hole and Abu Galum are protectorate ground, you need a printed copy of your passport for the checkpoints, and the park effectively shuts in the late afternoon, around 16:30 to 17:00.
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There is no road. The standard route is a taxi from Dahab to the Blue Hole (about 20 minutes), then a speedboat north for roughly 20 minutes; boats run from the Blue Hole dock when full, at around 175 EGP return, and Daniela Diving Resort north of Dahab runs its own daily boat at about 275 EGP per person. The traditional alternative is a camel from the Blue Hole, an hour and a quarter to an hour and a half, with the camels carrying tanks and gear. You can also walk the shoreline from the Blue Hole in 50 to 60 minutes and hire a camel just for the luggage. Facilities at the far end are Bedouin beach camps: huts, meals, tea.
Access to the site runs through a local operator.
Both the Blue Hole and Abu Galum are national protectorate ground with checkpoints, and a printed scan of your passport is expected at them. The area is effectively closed in the late afternoon, roughly 16:30 to 17:00, so day trips are built around the last boat back.
Ras Abu Galum was declared a protected area in 1992, covering about 400 km2 of coast and sea between Dahab and Nuweiba, specifically for its coral reefs and mangroves. Local guidance for visitors includes not entering the underwater caves in the area, keeping off vegetated sand, and travelling with a local Bedouin guide; the Mezaina Bedouin run most of the access and the camps. Diving is done through Dahab operators as an organised trip rather than independently.
March to May and September to November are the months Dahab operators point at, for calmer seas and air around 25-30 C rather than the 35 C-plus of midsummer. Sea state matters more here than at a town shore dive, because the whole trip depends on a small boat running an exposed coast, and because a 90-minute camel leg in July heat is its own problem.
A normal day is an early start from Dahab, a drive to the Blue Hole and a 20-minute boat transfer, then two dives with a cooked lunch in the village between them. Water on this coast runs about 23-25 C from December to February and 27-29 C from June to September. No operator publishes a visibility figure for Abu Galum specifically; the Dahab coast generally runs 20-30 m, and this stretch has no town runoff, which is the usual reason for a bad day further south.
On current: No operator publishes a current rating for this stretch, so we are not setting one. What the descriptions imply is worth reading: this is an exposed headland, the pinnacles are described as cleaning stations that pull barracuda and eagle rays in from open water, and the trip is run by speedboat along an open coast, so wind and sea state decide which of the six sites gets dived on a given day. Treat it as a site where the guide picks the profile, and ask at the briefing rather than assuming the calm-water conditions of Dahab's town reefs.
Best months: Mar, Apr, May, Sep, Oct, Nov
There is no road, so every route starts at the Blue Hole north of Dahab. Most operators now run a speedboat from the Blue Hole dock, about 20 minutes, at roughly 175 EGP return, and Daniela Diving Resort runs its own daily boat at about 275 EGP per person. The traditional alternative is a camel, an hour and a quarter to an hour and a half, with the camels carrying the tanks and gear. You can also walk the shoreline in 50 to 60 minutes and put your luggage on a camel.
Circle Divers gives the range as 0 to 30 metres, with a hard coral plateau in the shallows and the pinnacles and rock formations further out and deeper. No operator publishes a maximum for individual sites along the stretch, and there are around six of them, so the profile depends on which one the boat picks that day. Ask at the briefing rather than planning a fixed depth from home.
You do not need a diving permit, but both the Blue Hole and Abu Galum sit on national protectorate ground with checkpoints, and a printed scan of your passport is expected at them. The area is declared protected under Egyptian law and is managed in practice with the Mezaina Bedouin, who run the camps and the camels. Diving is arranged through a Dahab dive centre as an organised trip rather than independently.
Operators take all certified levels and H2O Divers rates the site open-water-and-up, so a newly certified diver is welcome. Circle Divers still rates the diving overall as intermediate, and the honest reason is the setting rather than the reef: no road out, a boat or camel transfer each way, and a fixed last ride back in the late afternoon. If you are on your first few dives, go with a centre that runs the trip regularly.
Yes, and it is a genuine snorkelling destination rather than an afterthought. The shallow hard-coral plateau is the snorkelling ground, Circle Divers lists the site as suitable for snorkellers, and Sea Dancer takes non-divers along on the same day trip. You still have the same access problem as the divers, so budget for the boat or the camel either way.
The pinnacles work as cleaning stations, and the operators who dive them name turtles, eagle rays, barracuda coming in from open water, and cleaner wrasse. Occurrence records at this pin include spotted eagle ray, emperor and royal angelfish, coronation trout, Picasso triggerfish, several parrotfishes, twoband anemonefish and Spanish dancer. The records here are sparser than at Dahab's town reefs, which mostly reflects how rarely surveyors get this far up the coast.
Several. Dive centres describe around six sites along this stretch, naming Haggar, Khoramat, Abu Galum and the Blue Lagoon to the north, and they choose between them on the day based on conditions and trip length. Our own catalogue also carries Coral Forest, Ras Abu Galum North, Ras Abu Galum South and Red Tooth Trigger Bay as separate pins within a kilometre of this one. Treat this entry as the stretch, not a single reef.
March to May and September to November are the months Dahab operators recommend, with air around 25 to 30 C and calmer seas. Water on this coast runs roughly 23 to 25 C from December to February and 27 to 29 C from June to September. Sea state matters more here than at a town shore dive because the whole trip depends on a small boat on an exposed coast, and a 90-minute camel leg in midsummer heat is its own reason to avoid July and August.
| Species | How often | Records |
|---|---|---|
| Pseudanthias squamipinnis | rare | 4 |
| Chlorurus sordidus | rare | 3 |
| Arothron stellatus | rare | 3 |
| Amphiprion bicinctus | rare | 3 |
| Tridacna maxima | rare | 3 |
| Chaetodon fasciatus | rare | 3 |
| Scarus niger | rare | 2 |
| Heniochus intermedius | rare | 2 |
| Aetobatus ocellatus | rare | 2 |
| Acanthurus nigrofuscus | rare | 2 |
| Thalassoma rueppellii | rare | 2 |
| Epinephelus fasciatus | rare | 2 |
| Amblyglyphidodon indicus | rare | 2 |
| Chaetodon austriacus | rare | 2 |
| Pomacentrus sulfureus | rare | 2 |
| Pterois miles | rare | 2 |
| Pygoplites diacanthus | rare | 2 |
| Lethrinus nebulosus | rare | 1 |
| Millepora dichotoma | rare | 1 |
| Myripristis murdjan | rare | 1 |
| Paracirrhites forsteri | rare | 1 |
| Parupeneus forsskali | rare | 1 |
| Phyllacanthus imperialis | rare | 1 |
| Siganus luridus | rare | 1 |
| Synanceia verrucosa | rare | 1 |
| Variola louti | rare | 1 |
| Arothron diadematus | rare | 1 |
| Cheilinus lunulatus | rare | 1 |
| Chlorurus gibbus | rare | 1 |
| Coris aygula | rare | 1 |
| Ctenochaetus striatus | rare | 1 |
| Cyclichthys spilostylus | rare | 1 |
| Hexabranchus sanguineus | rare | 1 |
| Parapercis hexophtalma | rare | 1 |
| Plagiotremus tapeinosoma | rare | 1 |
| Pleurobranchus grandis | rare | 1 |
| Pomacanthus imperator | rare | 1 |
| Pseudodax moluccanus | rare | 1 |
| Scarus ferrugineus | rare | 1 |
| Sufflamen albicaudatum | rare | 1 |
| Zebrasoma xanthurum | rare | 1 |
| Abudefduf sexfasciatus | rare | 1 |
| Callyspongia crassa | rare | 1 |
| Mulloidichthys flavolineatus | rare | 1 |
| Rhinecanthus assasi | rare | 1 |
| Heniochus diphreutes | rare | 1 |
| Chaetodon auriga | rare | 1 |
| Abudefduf vaigiensis | rare | 1 |
| Bodianus anthioides | rare | 1 |
| Callyspongia (Callyspongia) siphonella | rare | 1 |
| Chaetodon paucifasciatus | rare | 1 |
| Chromis pembae | rare | 1 |
| Chromodoris quadricolor | rare | 1 |
| Conus textile | rare | 1 |
| Dascyllus marginatus | rare | 1 |
| Dascyllus trimaculatus | rare | 1 |
| Fistularia commersonii | rare | 1 |
| Genicanthus caudovittatus | rare | 1 |
| Gorgasia sillneri | rare | 1 |
| Inimicus filamentosus | rare | 1 |
| Lambis truncata | rare | 1 |
The northernmost named spot on the Ras Abu Galum stretch: a shore entry over stone onto a sandy slope, with redtooth triggerfish and bannerfish schooling over small coral pinnacles.
The chimney entry to the Blue Hole traverse - a straightforward recreational dive attached to the most lethal dive site in recreational diving.
A 100 m shaft in the reef with a 6 m sill over the top. The ordinary dive here is a shallow swim; the reputation belongs to the Arch.
A quiet coral garden south of the Blue Hole, entered off a jetty when the wind allows.
A quiet slope of salad and table corals 300 m north of the Canyon, usually dived as a one-way drift back to it.
A roofed crack in the reef north of Dahab: an overhead environment with a recreational front door and a technical back one.
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